Heat
Phone hotspot
Hotspot use can add heat.Overheating can limit performance or connectivity.
Relay R1
Leave hotspot duty to R1.Your phone no longer handles your laptop’s data.

Explore the hardware from every angle.
Meet Relay R1
A USB-C cellular card for MacBook.
Powered by your Mac.
In development. Supported cellular coverage and service required.
R1 is designed to take your laptop’s connection off your phone.
| The difference | Phone hotspot | Relay R1 |
|---|---|---|
| Heat | Hotspot use can add heat.Overheating can limit performance or connectivity. | Leave hotspot duty to R1.Your phone no longer handles your laptop’s data. |
| Battery | Draws on your phone’s charge.Less left for the rest of your day. | Powered by your Mac.No separate battery to charge. |
| Range | Keep your phone close.Out of Wi-Fi range, your laptop disconnects. | Take your phone with you.R1 stays connected to your Mac through USB-C. |
| Reconnecting | Idle can mean disconnected.iPhone hotspots disconnect when unused to save battery. | No hotspot to rejoin.R1 uses your Mac’s built-in wired networking. |
| Connection | Cellular. Then Wi-Fi.Two wireless links to depend on. | Cellular. Then USB-C.A direct connection to your Mac. |
Phone hotspot
Hotspot use can add heat.Overheating can limit performance or connectivity.
Relay R1
Leave hotspot duty to R1.Your phone no longer handles your laptop’s data.
Phone hotspot
Draws on your phone’s charge.Less left for the rest of your day.
Relay R1
Powered by your Mac.No separate battery to charge.
Phone hotspot
Keep your phone close.Out of Wi-Fi range, your laptop disconnects.
Relay R1
Take your phone with you.R1 stays connected to your Mac through USB-C.
Phone hotspot
Idle can mean disconnected.iPhone hotspots disconnect when unused to save battery.
Relay R1
No hotspot to rejoin.R1 uses your Mac’s built-in wired networking.
Phone hotspot
Cellular. Then Wi-Fi.Two wireless links to depend on.
Relay R1
Cellular. Then USB-C.A direct connection to your Mac.
Compares Wi-Fi hotspots. Auto-join can ease reconnection. R1’s thermal performance and full compatibility remain unvalidated. Supported cellular coverage and service required.
Explore R1Designed for USB-C MacBooks from 2018 onward. macOS 12 or newer. Full compatibility validation pending.

For agents on your Mac
R1 is designed to connect local agents over cellular. Keep your Mac powered and awake, with sleep prevention enabled and supported service.
R1 development and launch updates.